CRSP Research Report 04-204
Spreadsheet Tools for Developing Surface Water Supplies for Freshwater Fish Production in Developing Countries
E. William Tollner and Brahm Verma
University of Georgia Driftmier Engineering Center
Athens, Georgia
Dan Meyer, Suyapa Triminio de Meyer, and George Pilz
Escuela Agricola Panamericana Zamorano
Tegucigalpa FM, Honduras
Joseph Molnar
Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Variable rainfall distribution and terrain make surface water harvesting and storage a challenge in many developing countries. The overall goal of this study is to collect and develop information required to equip extension, non-governmental organization (NGO) agents, contractors and engineers for surface water development and aquaculture enterprise development in Honduras and Latin America. A pond water balance for the levee production pond enabling determination of water flow required to balance seepage, evaporation and direct rainfall was developed in English and Spanish on the Microsoft Excel¨ platform. The pump-in flow rate can also be determined for reaching a volume change per month target. A second model was formulated for evaluating surface water capture by watershed and/or hillside ponds for meeting the levee pond demand. Using hillside ponds that fill by impounding a fraction of total runoff (e.g., diverting water upstream) from streams appears to have promise for meeting water needs. A systematic approach using both models to reach a sustainable water supply target emerged from this work. Both the levee pond model and the water harvest model are based on balancing inputs and outputs given monthly rainfall patterns. A simple approach to mechanical spillways preliminary design was developed. The models are adaptable to any location if key input data is available, particularly average monthly rainfall and storm frequen –duration data. The models do not address water quality issues. The software is intended for watershed sizes not larger than 500ha and storage ponds of less than 5ha surface area x 4m depth due to relationship limitations and safety concerns. Coupling with other cooperative development concerns such as marketing association provides a platform for helping groups of people in a watershed to realize further the potential of enlightened self-interest in developing common solutions to water problems.
CRSP Research Report 04-203
Dynamics of Pond Aquaculture
Hillary S Egna
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Claude E Boyd
Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures
Auburn University Alabama
The culmination of over a decadeÕs worth of research by the Pond Dynamics/Aquaculture Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP), Dynamics of Pond Aquaculture not only explains the physical, chemical, and biological processes that interact in pond culture systems, but also presents real-world research findings and considers the people who depend on these systems. This book uses data from CRSP field research sites in East Africa, Southeast Asia, Central America, and North America to present a complete picture of the pond system and the environment in which it exists.
A thorough study of the principles and practices of aquaculture, the book reflects the state of the art in pond aquaculture and incorporates recent advances that have changed the science in the last decade or so. It provides a thorough review of the many methods, techniques, and ideas that comprise this complex and fascinating area of study.
¥ Includes chapters on fish diseases, fish reproduction, extension, social and economic considerations, and environmental effects
¥ Describes improvements in pond management techniques including seed fish production, pond preparation, fertilization, feed composition and manufacturing, aerator design, and harvesting
¥ Addresses the need for greater quantification and standardization in research
¥ Provides a synopsis of the methods, techniques, and ideas explored by aquaculture practitioners and researchersAudienceResearchers, students, field workers, technicians, and engineers involved in:
¥ Aquaculture research
¥ Agricultural engineering
¥ Bioresource engineering
¥ Fisheries and wildlife programs
¥ Environmental studies
Published in 1997 by CRC Press, this 480-page book can be obtained by contacting CRC Press at <http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/
products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1274&parent_id=&pc=>.